. Die biologische Bulletin. Biologie; Zoologie; Biologie; Meeresbiologie. Das REFERENZIEREN DER SCHLAMM-DAUBER. 217 der vorläufigen Bemerkungen. Diese ersten Beobachtungen wurden in einem Labor, deren Wände Decken wurden mit Nut- und Feder Kiefer Bretter. Diese Boards wurden vertikal angeordnet. Zwei der Wände wurden mit Windows und zwei waren nicht. In der Nähe der Oberseite der einzelnen Wände Schlamm - daubers Nester gebaut. Einige dieser Nester wurden an dunklen Orten und einige wurden in Licht. Ich habe bemerkt, dass die Wespen flogen nie direkt zum Nest, aber dass es auf einer bestimmten Riss leuchtet auf. Afte

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. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. THE HOMING OF THE MUD-DAUBER. 217 Preliminary Observations. These preliminary observations were made in a laboratory the walls of which were ceiled with tongue-and-grooved pine boards. These boards were arranged vertically. Two of the walls were supplied with windows and two were not. Near the top of each of these walls mud-daubers constructed nests. Some of these nests were in dark places and some were in light places. I noticed that the wasp never flew directly to the nest, but that it would alight on a certain crack. After ascending, afoot, this crack, until it had reached the height of the nest, it would turn and walk to it. The same wasp always alighted on the same crack and at about the same distance from the floor. This led me to sup- pose that wasps used the cracks as landmarks. In this room a certain window was lowered from the top, through which open- ing the wasps came and departed. In another room, in which similar experiments were conducted, the window was raised from the bottom. Wasps frequented this room as much as they did the other. Evidently wasps can learn the way into a room by either a high or a low opening. The Environment of the Experiments. This series of experiments was performed in a laboratory thirty- seven and a half feet long, twenty-five feet wide and twelve feet. P'iG. I. This is a diagram of the room arranged for experiment one. 1-6, win- dows ; A-E, upright facings of windows ; a, location of the nest. The wood-work of the windows is shaded with broken lines, the window-shades with dots. The boards in the floor, ceiling and dado are drawn twice as wide as they were. high (Fig. i) which was situated in the third story of a large brick building. The ceiling was covered with tongue-and-grooved pine boards and a four-foot dado of pine ceiling extended around. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for

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• bookcentury1900
• bookdecade1900
• booksubjectzoology
• bücherubjekt